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Q1. What is binary fission?
Binary fission is a process in which a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells. It is a simple and rapid method of asexual reproduction found in unicellular organisms like Amoeba and bacteria. Fusion of cells, seed formation, and egg laying are different processes.
Q2. Which organism reproduces mainly by binary fission?
Amoeba reproduces mainly by binary fission, where the parent cell divides into two identical daughter cells. Cows, humans, and hens reproduce sexually. Binary fission is the primary mode of reproduction in many single-celled organisms.
Q3. How many new cells are formed in binary fission?
In binary fission, one parent cell divides into two daughter cells. Both are genetically identical to the parent. This is why it is called “binary” (meaning two). No other number of cells is formed in this process.
Q4. Which part of the cell divides first in binary fission?
The nucleus divides first in binary fission. The genetic material (DNA) replicates, and then the nucleus divides into two. After that, the cytoplasm divides, and two daughter cells are formed. This ensures each daughter cell receives a copy of the genetic material.
Q5. Binary fission is a type of which reproduction?
Binary fission is a type of asexual reproduction because it involves only one parent and produces offspring that are genetically identical. There is no fusion of gametes, and no male or female parent is involved. Sexual reproduction and fertilisation involve two parents.
Q6. Which condition helps binary fission happen faster?
Favorable conditions like plenty of food and warmth help binary fission occur faster. In such conditions, Amoeba grows rapidly and divides quickly. Cold weather and lack of food slow down the process. Darkness does not directly help faster division.
Q7. The two cells formed in binary fission are called what?
The two cells formed in binary fission are called daughter cells. They are identical to each other and to the parent cell. Gametes are sex cells, seeds are plant reproductive structures, and embryos are early developmental stages.
Q8. Which of the following also reproduces by binary fission?
Bacteria reproduce by binary fission. They are unicellular organisms that divide rapidly under favorable conditions. Dogs, cats, and frogs reproduce sexually. Binary fission is common in prokaryotes like bacteria.
Q9. What is a foetus?
A foetus is the developing baby inside the uterus after the embryonic stage. It has recognisable body parts and grows until birth. A fertilised egg is a zygote, and a sperm cell is a male gamete. A seed is a plant structure.
Q10. The foetus develops inside which organ?
The foetus develops inside the uterus, a hollow muscular organ in the female reproductive system. It provides protection, nutrients, and oxygen to the developing baby. The heart, kidneys, and lungs are not involved in foetal development.
Q11. Which stage comes before the foetus?
The embryo stage comes before the foetus. After fertilisation, the zygote becomes an embryo. The embryo develops into a foetus. The baby, adult, and egg are not the immediate previous stages.
Q12. How long does a human foetus develop before birth?
A human foetus develops for about 9 months (approximately 40 weeks) before birth. This is the gestation period in humans. During this time, the foetus grows and matures inside the uterus.
Q13. Which stage shows movement of the baby inside the womb?
The foetus stage shows movement of the baby inside the womb. At this stage, the baby’s muscles and nervous system are developed enough for movement. The zygote is too early, and eggs and spores are not stages with movement.
Q14. What develops first in the foetus?
The heart and brain are among the first organs to develop in the foetus. These vital organs begin forming early in development to support the growth of the rest of the body. Hair, nails, and teeth develop later. Clothes are not part of development.
Q15. What protects the foetus inside the uterus?
The foetus is protected by amniotic fluid inside the uterus. This fluid cushions the baby, maintains temperature, and allows movement. Bones, skin, and air do not provide this protective function.
Q16. What are sperms?
Sperms are male reproductive cells (gametes) produced in the testes. They carry the male genetic material and are necessary for fertilisation. Female reproductive cells are eggs. Seeds and baby cells are not the same.
Q17. Where are sperms produced in humans?
Sperms are produced in the testes, which are the male reproductive organs. Ovaries produce eggs in females, the uterus is where the baby develops, and kidneys are not reproductive organs.
Q18. Why can sperms move?
Sperms can move because they have a tail (flagellum) that allows them to swim. This movement helps them reach the egg for fertilisation. Wings, legs, and roots are not present in sperm cells.
Q19. What is the main function of sperms?
The main function of sperms is to carry male genetic material (DNA) to the female egg during fertilisation. This ensures the transfer of genetic information to the offspring. Sperms do not make food, form blood, or grow hair.
Q20. How many sperms are needed to fertilise one egg?
Only one sperm is needed to fertilise one egg. Once a sperm enters the egg, fertilisation occurs, and other sperms are blocked from entering. This ensures that the resulting zygote has the correct number of chromosomes.
Q21. What are eggs in humans called?
Eggs are female reproductive cells (gametes) produced in the ovaries. They carry the female genetic material. Male reproductive cells are sperms. Seeds and spores are plant structures.
Q22. Where are eggs produced?
Eggs are produced in the ovaries, which are the female reproductive organs. Testes produce sperms, and the heart and liver are not reproductive organs. Ovaries release eggs during ovulation.
Q23. What happens when sperm meets egg?
When sperm meets and enters the egg, fertilisation occurs. The fusion of the male and female gametes forms a zygote. This is the first step in the development of a new individual. The egg does not break, and the sperm does not disappear.
Q24. Which is larger in size?
The egg is larger than the sperm. It contains nutrients for the early development of the embryo. The sperm is smaller and has a tail for swimming. This size difference is typical in many animals.
Q25. Which of the following carries nutrients for early growth?
The egg carries nutrients for early growth and development. It contains cytoplasm, food reserves, and other materials needed after fertilisation. Sperm does not carry such nutrients. Hair and skin are not involved in reproduction.
Q26. Which process forms a zygote?
Fertilisation is the process by which a sperm and egg fuse to form a zygote. Binary fission, budding, and cloning are forms of asexual reproduction and do not involve gamete fusion.
Q27. Which cell has a tail?
The sperm has a tail (flagellum) that helps it swim toward the egg for fertilisation. The egg is round and does not have a tail. The foetus and embryo are developmental stages and do not have a tail.
Q28. Which stage comes after fertilisation?
After fertilisation, the zygote is formed. This is the first cell of the new individual. It then develops into an embryo, then a foetus, and eventually an adult. The foetus is a later stage, and seeds are plant structures.
Q29. Why is binary fission important for microorganisms?
Binary fission allows microorganisms to multiply rapidly. It is a simple and efficient way for single-celled organisms to reproduce and increase their population. It does not help them sleep, move, or eat directly.
Q30. Which stage shows growth of fingers and toes?
The foetus stage shows the growth of fingers and toes. At this stage, the body parts become more defined and recognisable. The zygote is a single cell, and eggs and sperms do not have fingers or toes.
Q31. Which cell is formed by joining sperm and egg?
The zygote is formed by the fusion of sperm and egg. This is the first cell of the new individual. The embryo, foetus, and baby are later developmental stages.
Q32. Which of these has genetic material from both parents?
The zygote has genetic material from both parents—half from the sperm and half from the egg. This is why it is the first cell of the new individual with a unique genetic combination. Sperms and eggs each have only one parent’s genetic material.
Q33. Can binary fission occur in humans?
Binary fission does not occur in humans because they are multicellular organisms with complex reproduction involving gametes. Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction found only in unicellular organisms like Amoeba and bacteria.
Q34. What helps sperm reach the egg?
The sperm’s tail helps it swim through the female reproductive tract to reach the egg. Movement is essential for fertilisation. Its size, colour, and shape do not help it move.
Q35. Which stage is the longest in baby development?
The foetus stage is the longest in human development, lasting from about the 8th week of pregnancy until birth (about 9 months). It is the period of growth and maturation. The zygote, egg, and sperm stages are much shorter.
Q36. How many eggs are usually released at a time in humans?
Usually, one egg is released from the ovaries during ovulation in humans. Sometimes two or more eggs may be released, leading to fraternal twins. But typically, it is one egg per cycle.
Q37. Which cell provides half of the genetic information?
The sperm provides half of the genetic information needed to form a new individual. The egg provides the other half. Skin, hair, and blood cells do not participate in reproduction.
Q38. Which part of sperm carries genetic material?
The head of the sperm contains the nucleus, which carries the male genetic material (DNA). The tail helps the sperm swim, and the middle part provides energy. The head is the part that enters the egg during fertilisation.
Q39. Why is the egg important in reproduction?
The egg is important because it provides nutrients for early development and half of the genetic material needed to form a new individual. It does not help in breathing, move fast, or divide quickly by itself.
Q40. What happens to the foetus before birth?
Before birth, the foetus grows fully and matures in preparation for life outside the uterus. It does not divide into two, become an egg, or disappear. Birth occurs when development is complete.
Q41. Which of these is a microscopic organism?
Amoeba is a microscopic organism that can only be seen under a microscope. Elephants, dogs, and tigers are large, macroscopic animals. Amoeba is a single-celled organism that reproduces by binary fission.
Q42. Why are sperms produced in large numbers?
Sperms are produced in large numbers to increase the chances of one sperm successfully reaching and fertilising the egg. Many sperms are lost during the journey, so producing many ensures a higher probability of fertilisation. They do not make food, protect the body, or help growth.
Q43. Which is an example of asexual reproduction?
Binary fission is an example of asexual reproduction because it involves a single parent and produces identical offspring. Fertilisation, egg laying, and birth in humans are part of sexual reproduction and involve two parents.
Q44. What is the smallest reproductive cell in humans?
The sperm is the smallest reproductive cell in humans. It is microscopic in size and has a tail for movement. The egg is larger, and the foetus and embryo are developmental stages, not cells.
Q45. Which cell is round in shape?
The egg is round in shape. It is one of the largest cells in the female body. The sperm is elongated with a tail, and the foetus and embryo are not single cells. The round shape of the egg is typical of female gametes.
Q46. Which stage comes after the zygote?
After the zygote, the next stage is the embryo. The zygote divides and develops into an embryo, which then becomes a foetus. The adult and egg are not subsequent stages.
Q47. What happens if fertilisation does not occur?
If fertilisation does not occur, no baby is formed. The egg and sperm do not fuse, and the reproductive cycle continues. In humans, the unfertilised egg is released during menstruation. Binary fission and cloning are not triggered by lack of fertilisation.
Q48. Which is necessary to form a new human life?
To form a new human life, a sperm and an egg are necessary. The fusion of these gametes during fertilisation creates a zygote, which develops into a baby. Binary fission, spores, and seeds are not part of human reproduction.
Q49. Which stage shows maximum growth of body size?
The foetus is the stage that shows maximum growth in body size. During the foetal stage, the baby grows rapidly and matures. The zygote is a single cell, and sperm and eggs are much smaller.
Q50. Which of these is NOT involved in binary fission?
Binary fission involves only one parent cell, not two. The process includes nucleus division, cell splitting, and formation of two daughter cells. Two parent cells are involved in sexual reproduction, not binary fission.