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Q1. The resources that are provided by nature are called:
Natural resources are materials or substances that are found in nature and can be used by living beings. Examples include air, water, sunlight, soil, forests, minerals and fossil fuels. These resources are essential for the survival and development of all life on Earth.
Q2. Which of the following is a natural resource?
Air is a natural resource because it is provided by nature and is essential for the survival of all living things. Plastic, glass and concrete are man-made materials. Natural resources like air, water and sunlight are freely available in nature.
Q3. Resources that can be replenished naturally over a short period of time are called:
Renewable resources are those that can be replenished or replaced naturally over a short period of time. Examples include sunlight, wind, water and forests. These resources are sustainable and do not get exhausted if used wisely.
Q4. Resources that take millions of years to form and are limited in quantity are called:
Non-renewable resources are those that take millions of years to form and cannot be replaced once they are used up. Examples include coal, petroleum and natural gas. These resources are limited and must be used carefully and conserved for future generations.
Q5. Which of the following is a renewable resource?
Solar energy is a renewable resource because it comes from the Sun and is available continuously. Unlike coal, petroleum and natural gas, which are non-renewable fossil fuels, solar energy will not run out. It is a clean and sustainable source of energy.
Q6. Which of the following is a non-renewable resource?
Coal is a non-renewable resource because it takes millions of years to form from dead plants and animals. Once coal is extracted and burned, it cannot be replaced within a human lifetime. It is a fossil fuel that is used for electricity generation but is limited in supply.
Q7. The resources that are made by humans using natural resources are called:
Human-made resources are those that are created by humans using natural resources. Examples include buildings, roads, vehicles, machines and plastic. These resources do not exist in nature but are made by transforming natural resources through technology and labour.
Q8. Which of the following is a human-made resource?
Paper is a human-made resource because it is produced by humans using natural resources like wood from trees. Soil, water and air are natural resources that are provided by nature. Human-made resources include many items we use in our daily lives, such as furniture, clothes and machines.
Q9. The process of collecting and storing rainwater for future use is called:
Rainwater harvesting is the process of collecting rainwater from rooftops or other surfaces and storing it in tanks or reservoirs. This water can be used for drinking, irrigation and other purposes. It is an important method for conserving water and preventing water scarcity.
Q10. Forests are important natural resources because they:
Forests are vital natural resources that perform many important functions. They release oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide, provide habitat for countless species of animals and plants, and help prevent soil erosion by holding the soil with their roots. Forests also provide timber, medicines and many other products.
Q11. Soil is important for life on Earth because it:
Soil is a natural resource that provides essential nutrients and minerals for plant growth. It also anchors plants and holds water, which is necessary for plants to survive. Without soil, agriculture would not be possible, and there would be no food for living beings.
Q12. Rocks are natural resources that are used for:
Rocks are natural resources that are used for construction, such as making buildings, roads, bridges and monuments. Different types of rocks, like granite and limestone, are used for various purposes. Rocks are also used to make tools, cement and many other products.
Q13. Fossil fuels are formed from the remains of:
Fossil fuels like coal, petroleum and natural gas are formed from the remains of dead plants and animals that lived millions of years ago. These remains were buried under layers of soil and rock and were transformed into fossil fuels by heat and pressure over time. Fossil fuels are non-renewable resources.
Q14. Coal is primarily used for:
Coal is a fossil fuel that is mainly used for generating electricity in power plants. It is burned to heat water and produce steam, which turns turbines to generate electricity. Coal is also used in steel production and in various industries, but its use is being reduced due to environmental concerns.
Q15. Petroleum is also known as:
Petroleum is called liquid gold because it is a very valuable resource. It is used to produce fuels like petrol and diesel, lubricants, plastics and many other products. Its high value and many uses make it one of the most important natural resources in the world.
Q16. Natural gas is used for:
Natural gas is a fossil fuel used for cooking food, heating homes, generating electricity and in various industrial processes. It is a clean-burning fuel that produces less pollution than coal or oil. Natural gas is also used to produce fertilizers and many chemicals.
Q17. Which of the following is NOT a renewable resource?
Natural gas is a non-renewable fossil fuel, while wind energy, water and solar energy are renewable. Natural gas takes millions of years to form and will eventually run out. Renewable resources are those that can be replenished naturally in a short period.
Q18. Water is vital for human health because it is required for:
Water is essential for many bodily functions, including temperature regulation, waste removal and digestion. It helps transport nutrients, lubricates joints and protects tissues. Without adequate water, the human body cannot function properly and can become dehydrated.
Q19. Which of the following is a function of water in the human body?
Water plays a crucial role in the human body by lubricating joints, protecting tissues and transporting nutrients. It is also involved in temperature regulation and waste removal. Drinking enough water is essential for good health and proper bodily functions.
Q20. The Sun is the ultimate source of energy for all living things because:
The Sun is the primary source of energy for life on Earth. It provides heat and light, drives the water cycle and helps plants produce food through photosynthesis. All living things depend on the Sun directly or indirectly for their energy needs.
Q21. The conservation of forests is important because they:
Forests are essential for maintaining ecological balance. They prevent soil erosion, release oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide, and provide habitat for many species. Conserving forests is crucial for the health of the planet and for future generations.
Q22. Which of the following is a method of soil conservation?
Afforestation (planting trees) is an important method of soil conservation because tree roots hold the soil together and prevent erosion. Deforestation, overgrazing and burning forests lead to soil degradation and loss of fertility. Soil conservation is essential for maintaining agricultural productivity.
Q23. Rainwater harvesting helps in:
Rainwater harvesting is beneficial in many ways. It helps prevent floods by collecting excess rainwater, recharges groundwater levels by allowing water to seep into the ground, and reduces water scarcity by providing stored water for future use. It is an eco-friendly practice.
Q24. Wind is a renewable resource because:
Wind is a renewable source of energy because it is produced naturally and will not run out. Wind energy can be harnessed using windmills or turbines to generate electricity. Wind energy is clean and does not produce pollution, making it an excellent alternative to fossil fuels.
Q25. Water is an essential natural resource because:
Water is one of the most important natural resources because it is used for drinking, cooking, irrigation, washing, cleaning and many other purposes. Without water, life on Earth would not be possible. It is essential for the survival of humans, animals and plants.
Q26. The main cause of water scarcity is:
Water scarcity is caused by many factors, including the increase in population, overuse of water for agriculture and industry, and pollution of water sources. Climate change also leads to droughts and reduced rainfall. Conservation of water is essential to ensure availability for future generations.
Q27. Soil erosion is caused by:
Soil erosion is the removal of the top layer of soil by wind, water or human activities. Deforestation, overgrazing and heavy rainfall all contribute to soil erosion. This leads to loss of soil fertility and reduces agricultural productivity.
Q28. Natural resources can be conserved by:
Natural resources can be conserved by following the principles of reducing, reusing and recycling. Reducing means using fewer resources, reusing means using items multiple times, and recycling means converting waste into new products. These practices help save resources and reduce pollution.
Q29. Human-made resources are also called:
Human-made resources are also called synthetic or man-made resources. They are created by humans using natural resources. Examples include paper, plastic, cloth, furniture, machines and buildings.
Q30. The overuse of non-renewable resources can lead to:
Overuse of non-renewable resources like fossil fuels leads to environmental pollution, depletion of resources and climate change. Burning fossil fuels releases greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming. It is important to conserve non-renewable resources and use them wisely.
Q31. The three main fossil fuels are:
The three main fossil fuels are coal, petroleum and natural gas. These are formed from the remains of dead plants and animals over millions of years. They are non-renewable resources and are used for energy generation and various other purposes.
Q32. Which of the following is NOT a fossil fuel?
Wind energy is a renewable source of energy, not a fossil fuel. Fossil fuels include coal, petroleum and natural gas, which are formed from the remains of dead organisms. Wind energy is generated from the movement of air and is clean and sustainable.
Q33. The conservation of natural resources is important because:
Conservation of natural resources is important because they are limited in supply, needed for future generations, and support life on Earth. If we use them carelessly, they will be exhausted, leading to serious consequences for the planet.
Q34. Renewable resources are also called:
Renewable resources are also called inexhaustible resources because they are continuously replenished by nature and do not get exhausted. Examples include sunlight, wind and water. These resources are sustainable and can be used indefinitely if managed properly.
Q35. Non-renewable resources are also called:
Non-renewable resources are also called exhaustible resources because they are limited in quantity and will eventually run out. Examples include coal, petroleum and natural gas. These resources take millions of years to form and cannot be replenished within a human lifetime.
Q36. The movement of air from one place to another is called:
Wind is the movement of air from one place to another caused by differences in air pressure. It is a renewable source of energy that can be harnessed using wind turbines to generate electricity. Wind is also important for climate patterns and weather systems.
Q37. The three states of matter in which water exists are:
Water exists in three states of matter: solid (ice), liquid (water) and gas (water vapour). These states are interconvertible through processes like melting, freezing, evaporation and condensation. The presence of water in all three states is essential for the water cycle.
Q38. The process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas is called:
Evaporation is the process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas (water vapour) when it is heated. This process takes place on the surface of water and is driven by the heat of the Sun. Evaporation is a key part of the water cycle.
Q39. The process by which water vapour changes into liquid water is called:
Condensation is the process by which water vapour (gas) changes into liquid water when it is cooled. This is how clouds are formed in the atmosphere. Condensation is the opposite of evaporation.
Q40. The water cycle is also called the:
The water cycle is also called the hydrological cycle. It is the continuous movement of water from the Earth’s surface to the atmosphere and back again. This cycle involves processes like evaporation, condensation, precipitation and collection.
Q41. Fossil fuels are non-renewable because:
Fossil fuels are non-renewable because they take millions of years to form from the remains of dead plants and animals. Once they are used up, they cannot be replaced within a human lifetime. This is why it is important to use fossil fuels carefully.
Q42. Which of the following is a human-made resource?
Plastic is a human-made resource because it is created by humans from natural resources like petroleum. It is not found naturally and is used to make a wide variety of products. Plastic is an example of how natural resources are transformed into useful products.
Q43. The main use of petroleum is to produce:
Petroleum is refined to produce various products, the most important of which are fuels like petrol and diesel for vehicles. It is also used to produce lubricants, plastics and many chemicals. Petroleum is sometimes called liquid gold because of its many uses.
Q44. The conservation of non-renewable resources is important because:
Non-renewable resources like coal, petroleum and natural gas are limited and will eventually run out if we continue to use them at the current rate. Conserving them is important for the energy security of future generations.
Q45. The Sun’s energy is harnessed using:
Solar panels are devices that convert sunlight into electricity. They are used to harness the Sun’s energy, which is a renewable and clean source of energy. Solar energy is widely used in many countries for residential and industrial purposes.
Q46. The conservation of water is important because:
Water conservation is important because water is a limited resource, many areas face water scarcity and water is essential for life. Conserving water ensures that there is enough water for all living things and for future generations.
Q47. The method of separating grains from husk by using wind is called:
Winnowing is the method of separating grains from husk by using wind. The wind blows away the lighter husk particles, while the heavier grains fall down. This method is used in agriculture and is a traditional practice.
Q48. Soil can be conserved by:
Soil can be conserved by planting trees, building dams and embankments, and using contour ploughing. These methods help prevent soil erosion and maintain soil fertility. Soil conservation is essential for sustainable agriculture.
Q49. The main source of energy for the water cycle is:
The Sun is the main source of energy for the water cycle. Its heat causes water from oceans, rivers and lakes to evaporate. The Sun also drives the process of condensation and precipitation, making it the driving force behind the water cycle.
Q50. Which of the following is NOT a natural resource?
Plastic is not a natural resource; it is a human-made resource created from petroleum, which is a natural resource. Forests, water and soil are natural resources that are provided by nature. Plastic is manufactured by humans using synthetic processes.
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Q51. The conservation of forests is important for:
Forests are important for maintaining biodiversity, preventing climate change by absorbing carbon dioxide and preserving water sources by maintaining the water cycle. Deforestation leads to loss of biodiversity, climate change and water scarcity. Conserving forests is essential for the health of the planet.
Q52. The main reason for the conservation of non-renewable resources is:
Non-renewable resources like coal, petroleum and natural gas are limited in quantity and will eventually run out if used carelessly. This is why it is important to conserve them and use them more efficiently.
Q53. Which of the following is a method of separating a mixture?
Handpicking, sieving and winnowing are all methods of separating mixtures. Handpicking is used for separating large, visible impurities, sieving is used for separating particles of different sizes and winnowing is used for separating lighter particles from heavier ones.
Q54. The process of separating cream from milk is called:
Churning is the process of separating cream from milk by agitating it rapidly. The fat globules come together and form butter or cream. This is used to produce butter and ghee from milk.
Q55. The process of separating solid particles from a liquid by using a filter is called:
Filtration is the process of separating solid particles from a liquid by passing the mixture through a filter. The filter traps the solid particles while allowing the liquid to pass through. This method is used to purify water and in many industrial processes.
Q56. The process of separating a soluble solid from a liquid by heating is called:
Evaporation is the process of separating a soluble solid from a liquid by heating the solution. The liquid turns into vapour and escapes, leaving the solid behind. This is used to obtain salt from sea water.
Q57. The process of allowing heavy impurities to settle at the bottom is called:
Sedimentation is the process of allowing heavy impurities to settle at the bottom of a liquid by keeping it undisturbed. The settled particles are called sediment. This is the first step in water purification.
Q58. Which of the following is an example of a renewable resource?
Wind energy is a renewable resource because it is naturally replenished and will never run out. Coal, petroleum and natural gas are non-renewable fossil fuels. Wind energy is used to generate electricity through wind turbines.
Q59. Which of the following is an example of a non-renewable resource?
Natural gas is a non-renewable resource because it takes millions of years to form and is limited in supply. Sunlight, water and wind are all renewable resources. Natural gas is used for cooking, heating and generating electricity.
Q60. The ultimate source of energy for all living organisms is:
The Sun is the ultimate source of energy for all living organisms on Earth. It provides light and heat, drives the water cycle, and enables plants to produce food through photosynthesis. All living things depend on the Sun directly or indirectly for their energy needs.