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Q1. Stronger force of attraction results in matter being
Stronger force of attraction between particles results in matter being more rigid. In solids, particles are held together by very strong attractive forces, which give them a fixed shape and make them difficult to compress. This rigidity is why solids have definite shape and volume.
Q2. Particle motion is maximum in
Particle motion is maximum in gases. Gas particles move freely and randomly at high speeds because the force of attraction between them is very weak. They have the most kinetic energy among the three states of matter.
Q3. Which of the following best explains properties of solids, liquids and gases?
The properties of solids, liquids, and gases are best explained by the characteristics of their particles, such as the force of attraction between them, the spaces between them, and their motion. These characteristics determine the state of matter.
Q4. Liquids have
Liquids have no fixed shape but have a fixed volume. They take the shape of the container they are placed in because their particles can slide past one another. However, their volume remains constant because the particles are still close together.
Q5. Particles of matter intermix because they
Particles of matter intermix because they are continuously moving. Their random motion allows them to spread and mix with other substances through diffusion. This is why ink spreads in water and smell travels through air.
Q6. Liquids can flow because their particles
Liquids can flow because their particles can slide past one another. The force of attraction in liquids is weaker than in solids, allowing particles to move and change position, which gives liquids their ability to flow.
Q7. Solids are difficult to compress because
Solids are difficult to compress because their particles are closely packed. There is very little space between solid particles, so applying pressure does not significantly reduce their volume. This close packing also makes solids rigid.
Q8. Increase in temperature causes particles of matter to
An increase in temperature causes particles of matter to move faster. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles. When temperature increases, kinetic energy increases, and particles move more vigorously.
Q9. Diffusion occurs because particles
Diffusion occurs because particles are continuously moving. The random motion of particles causes them to spread and mix with particles of other substances. This is the fundamental reason why diffusion takes place.
Q10. Which conclusion is supported by the text?
The text supports the conclusion that matter is particulate in nature. Matter is made up of tiny particles that have spaces between them, are continuously moving, and exert forces of attraction on each other.
Q11. Different states of matter arise due to variation in
Different states of matter arise due to variation in the characteristics of particles, such as the force of attraction between them, the spaces between them, and their kinetic energy. These variations determine whether a substance exists as a solid, liquid, or gas.
Q12. With increase in temperature, the kinetic energy of particles
With an increase in temperature, the kinetic energy of particles increases. Temperature is directly related to the average kinetic energy of particles. Higher temperature means particles have more energy and move faster.
Q13. Which statement is correct?
The correct statement is that particles have space between them. This is a fundamental characteristic of matter. The spaces allow particles to move and mix, and are responsible for processes like diffusion and dissolving.
Q14. Particles of matter are said to be continuously moving because they possess
Particles of matter are continuously moving because they possess kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. The particles are in constant motion, which increases with temperature.
Q15. Particle motion is minimum in
Particle motion is minimum in solids. In solids, particles are held in fixed positions by strong forces of attraction and only vibrate about their positions. They do not move freely like in liquids or gases.
Q16. Diffusion becomes faster when
Diffusion becomes faster when temperature increases. Higher temperature increases the kinetic energy of particles, making them move faster. This speeds up the intermixing of particles, so diffusion occurs more rapidly.
Q17. Liquids have a definite
Liquids have a definite volume. While they do not have a fixed shape, their volume remains constant. This is because the particles in liquids are still close together, though they can move past one another.
Q18. Which of the following is matter?
A chair is matter because it has mass and occupies space. Love, thought, and cold are not matter—they are emotions, ideas, or sensations that do not have mass or occupy space.
Q19. Liquids are classified as
Liquids are classified as fluids because they can flow. Fluids are substances that have no fixed shape and can flow. Both liquids and gases are fluids because their particles can move and change position.
Q20. Matter exists commonly in how many states?
Matter exists commonly in three states: solid, liquid, and gas. These are the three physical states of matter that we observe in everyday life. Other states like plasma exist but are less common.
Q21. Maximum force of attraction between particles is found in
Maximum force of attraction between particles is found in solids. In solids, particles are held together by very strong attractive forces. This gives solids their definite shape and volume and makes them rigid.
Q22. Smell of perfume is considered matter because it
The smell of perfume is considered matter because the particles of perfume occupy space and have mass. Even though smell itself is a sensation, the particles that cause the smell are matter.
Q23. Matter that can flow is called
Matter that can flow is called a fluid. Both liquids and gases are fluids because their particles can move and change position, allowing them to flow and take the shape of their container.
Q24. Which state of matter has neither definite shape nor definite volume?
Gases have neither a definite shape nor a definite volume. They expand to fill their container completely, taking both the shape and volume of the container. The particles in gases move freely and are far apart.
Q25. Solids have
Solids have distinct boundaries. This is because they have a definite shape and volume, which gives them a fixed boundary. The particles in solids are closely packed and held in fixed positions.
Q26. Sponge is compressible because
A sponge is compressible because it has air spaces. When you squeeze a sponge, the air is forced out and the sponge compresses. This does not mean that the solid particles themselves are compressible, but the air spaces allow compression.
Q27. Diffusion proves that particles
Diffusion proves that particles can move freely. The intermixing of particles of different substances shows that particles are in motion and can move through the spaces between other particles.
Q28. A rubber band is considered a solid because
A rubber band is considered a solid because it regains its shape after being stretched. Even though it can be deformed, it returns to its original shape when the force is removed. This is a property of solids.
Q29. Particles intermix by getting into the
Particles intermix by getting into the spaces between particles. This is how substances dissolve and diffuse. The particles of one substance fit into the gaps between the particles of another substance.
Q30. Which of the following is NOT matter?
Thought is not matter because it has no mass and does not occupy space. Air, almonds, and lemon water are all matter because they have mass and occupy space.
Q31. Liquids take the shape of the
Liquids take the shape of the container they are placed in. This is because liquid particles can slide past one another and flow, so they conform to the shape of whatever container holds them.
Q32. Matter having different states proves that particles
Matter having different states proves that particles have varying properties. The same substance can exist in solid, liquid, or gas states depending on factors like temperature and pressure, showing that particle properties can change.
Q33. Diffusion is fastest in
Diffusion is fastest in gases. This is because gas particles move most freely and have the highest kinetic energy. They can spread quickly through the spaces between each other.
Q34. Which property allows liquids to flow?
Weaker attraction between particles allows liquids to flow. In liquids, the force of attraction is less than in solids, so particles can move past one another. This gives liquids their ability to flow.
Q35. The force of attraction between particles
The force of attraction between particles varies from one kind of matter to another. It depends on the nature of the substance, which determines whether it is a solid, liquid, or gas at a given temperature.
Q36. Which is NOT a characteristic of particles of matter?
Particles of matter are not motionless. They are continuously moving. Even in solids, particles vibrate. The statement “they are motionless” is NOT a characteristic of particles of matter.
Q37. The three states of matter are
The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. These are the most common states of matter. Plasma is another state but is not among the three commonly discussed in school-level science.
Q38. Hot food smells spread farther than cold food because
Hot food smells spread farther than cold food because diffusion is faster at higher temperature. Heating increases the kinetic energy of particles, making them move faster and spread the smell more quickly and over a larger area.
Q39. Intermixing of particles of two different substances on their own is called
The intermixing of particles of two different substances on their own is called diffusion. It occurs due to the random motion of particles and does not require any external force.
Q40. The force of attraction between particles keeps them
The force of attraction between particles keeps them together. This attractive force is what holds particles in place in solids and gives liquids their volume. Without this force, particles would fly apart.
Q41. Attraction between particles explains why solids are
Attraction between particles explains why solids are rigid. The strong forces of attraction hold particles in fixed positions, giving solids their definite shape and making them difficult to compress or change shape easily.
Q42. Solids have
Solids have both fixed shape and fixed volume. The particles in solids are closely packed and held in fixed positions by strong forces of attraction, giving them a definite shape and volume.
Q43. Particles of matter attract each other due to
Particles of matter attract each other due to the force of attraction (intermolecular forces). These forces are responsible for holding particles together. Nuclear force acts within the nucleus, gravity acts between masses, and magnetic force is specific to magnetic materials.
Q44. Liquids can be poured easily because
Liquids can be poured easily because their particles have space between them and can slide past each other. This allows liquids to flow. The interparticle spaces are larger than in solids, giving liquids fluidity.
Q45. Minimum force of attraction between particles is found in
Minimum force of attraction between particles is found in gases. Gas particles are far apart and move freely because the attractive forces between them are very weak. This allows gases to expand and fill their containers.
Q46. Solids maintain their shape when subjected to
Solids maintain their shape when subjected to outside force. This is because the particles are held tightly by strong forces of attraction. Unlike liquids or gases, solids do not flow or change shape easily when a force is applied.
Q47. Which state of matter has definite volume but no definite shape?
Liquids have definite volume but no definite shape. They take the shape of the container they are in because their particles can move past each other, but their volume remains constant.
Q48. Solids may break under force but are
Solids may break under force but are difficult to change shape. Even though a solid can break if enough force is applied, it does not flow or change shape easily like a liquid or gas would.
Q49. A diver cutting through water shows that particles of matter
A diver cutting through water shows that particles of matter can move past one another. Water particles are not fixed in position; they can slide past each other, which allows the diver to pass through. This is a characteristic of liquids.
Q50. Sugar and salt are solids because
Sugar and salt are solids because each crystal has a definite shape. The particles in sugar and salt are arranged in a regular, fixed pattern, giving the crystals a definite shape and volume. This is a characteristic property of solids.