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Q1. The nutrients that give us energy to work and play are called:
Carbohydrates are the main energy-giving nutrients found in foods like rice, wheat and potatoes. They give us the energy we need to run, play and work.
Q2. Which nutrient helps in building and repairing our body tissues?
Proteins are called body-building foods because they help us grow and repair damaged tissues. Foods like eggs, fish, meat and pulses are rich in proteins.
Q3. The nutrient that gives us more energy than carbohydrates and keeps us warm is:
Fats give us more energy than carbohydrates and help keep our body warm. Butter, oil, nuts and ghee are rich in fats.
Q4. Which nutrient protects us from diseases and keeps us healthy?
Vitamins protect our body from various diseases and keep us healthy. We get vitamins from fruits, vegetables and other foods.
Q5. The nutrient needed for strong bones and teeth is:
Calcium is a mineral that makes our bones and teeth strong. Milk, cheese and green leafy vegetables are rich in calcium.
Q6. Lack of Vitamin C causes:
Scurvy is a disease caused by the lack of Vitamin C. It causes bleeding gums and wounds that heal slowly.
Q7. Lack of Vitamin D causes:
Rickets is caused by lack of Vitamin D. It makes bones soft and weak, causing bow legs in children.
Q8. Lack of Vitamin B1 causes:
Beriberi is caused by lack of Vitamin B1. It affects the nervous system and causes weakness in muscles.
Q9. Lack of Vitamin B12 causes:
Lack of Vitamin B12 causes a type of anaemia. This makes a person feel tired and weak because less red blood cells are made.
Q10. Lack of iron in our diet causes:
Anaemia is caused by lack of iron in our food. It makes a person pale, weak and feel tired all the time.
Q11. Vitamin B2 is also known as:
Vitamin B2 is called riboflavin. It helps our body get energy from food and keeps our eyes and skin healthy.
Q12. Vitamin B1 is also known as:
Vitamin B1 is called thiamine. It is important for our nerves and helps our body use carbohydrates for energy.
Q13. Vitamin C is also known as:
Vitamin C is called ascorbic acid. It helps heal wounds and keeps our gums healthy.
Q14. Vitamin D is also known as:
Vitamin D is called calciferol. It helps our body use calcium for strong bones and teeth.
Q15. The disease caused by lack of Vitamin B2 is:
Lack of Vitamin B2 causes skin problems like cracking at the corners of the mouth. It also affects the eyes.
Q16. Which vitamin is called the “sunshine vitamin”?
Vitamin D is called the sunshine vitamin because our skin makes it when exposed to sunlight. We should play in the morning sun to get this vitamin.
Q17. Deficiency diseases are caused by:
Deficiency diseases happen when we do not get enough vitamins and minerals in our diet. Eating a balanced diet prevents these diseases.
Q18. Diseases that spread from one person to another are called:
Communicable diseases can spread from one person to another. They are also called infectious diseases.
Q19. Diseases that do not spread from one person to another are called:
Non-communicable diseases do not spread from one person to another. They are usually caused by unhealthy habits or genetics.
Q20. Which disease spreads through air?
Common cold spreads through air when an infected person sneezes or coughs. Germs travel in tiny droplets in the air.
Q21. Which disease spreads through water?
Cholera spreads through contaminated water. Drinking dirty water can cause this disease.
Q22. Which disease spreads through insect bites?
Malaria spreads through the bite of an infected mosquito. The mosquito carries the germs and passes them to humans.
Q23. Which disease spreads through contact with an infected person?
Chickenpox spreads through direct contact with an infected person. Touching the blisters or sharing things can spread it.
Q24. The process of giving a weakened germ to protect us from disease is called:
Vaccination means giving a small dose of weakened germs to our body. This helps our body build immunity against that disease.
Q25. Vaccination helps our body to:
Vaccination trains our body to fight a disease. It makes our immune system strong so that we don’t get sick easily.
Q26. A substance that is put into our body to protect us from a disease is a:
A vaccine is a medicine given by injection or drops. It protects us from many dangerous diseases like polio and measles.
Q27. Inoculation is another word for:
Inoculation means the same as vaccination. It is giving a vaccine to protect a person from a disease.
Q28. Keeping our surroundings clean is called:
Community sanitation means keeping our neighbourhood clean. It includes proper disposal of garbage and keeping drains clean.
Q29. A pit where we put kitchen waste and leaves to make manure is called:
A compost pit is where we put vegetable peels, leaves and other organic waste. This waste turns into natural manure for plants.
Q30. Which food is rich in carbohydrates?
Bread is made from wheat which is rich in carbohydrates. Carbohydrates give us energy to work and play.
Q31. Which food is rich in proteins?
Eggs are rich in proteins that help our body grow and repair itself. Other protein-rich foods are meat, fish and pulses.
Q32. Which food is rich in fats?
Nuts like almonds and walnuts are rich in healthy fats. Fats give us energy and keep our body warm.
Q33. A balanced diet contains:
A balanced diet contains carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals in correct amounts. It keeps us healthy and strong.
Q34. Citrus fruits like oranges are rich in:
Citrus fruits like oranges, lemons and grapes are rich in Vitamin C. This vitamin helps us fight infections.
Q35. Green leafy vegetables are rich in:
Green leafy vegetables like spinach and cabbage are rich in minerals and vitamins. They keep us healthy and strong.
Q36. Milk and dairy products are rich in:
Milk and cheese contain calcium for strong bones and proteins for body growth. They are very important for children.
Q37. Which disease is caused by lack of proteins in children?
Kwashiorkor is caused by lack of protein in the diet. It causes swelling in the stomach and slows down growth in children.
Q38. Lack of Vitamin A causes:
Lack of Vitamin A causes night blindness. People with this disease cannot see well in dim light.
Q39. Food rich in iron includes:
Spinach and green leafy vegetables are rich in iron. Iron is needed to make red blood cells and prevent anaemia.
Q40. Germs of communicable diseases can spread through:
Communicable diseases spread in many ways like through air, contaminated water and direct contact. We must be careful about hygiene.
Q41. To prevent the spread of diseases we should:
Cleanliness is very important to prevent diseases. We should wash our hands, bathe daily and keep our house neat.
Q42. BCG vaccine protects us from:
BCG vaccine is given to protect children from tuberculosis. It is given soon after birth.
Q43. Polio drops are given to children to protect them from:
Polio drops are a vaccine that protects children from polio. This disease can make a child unable to walk.
Q44. The DPT vaccine protects from:
DPT vaccine protects against three diseases – diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough) and tetanus. This vaccine is given to all children.
Q45. Eating a balanced diet helps in:
A balanced diet gives all the nutrients our body needs. It builds our resistance and keeps us away from diseases.
Q46. Typhoid spreads through:
Typhoid spreads when we eat or drink contaminated food and water. We must always drink clean water and eat fresh food.
Q47. Dengue spreads through the bite of a:
Dengue spreads through the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito. We must keep our surroundings clean to prevent mosquito breeding.
Q48. The best way to prevent diseases is:
Vaccination and good hygiene are the best ways to prevent diseases. We should get all vaccines on time and keep clean.
Q49. A person suffering from anaemia looks:
Anaemia makes a person pale, weak and tired. It happens when there are not enough red blood cells in the body.
Q50. Malaria can be prevented by:
Malaria is caused by mosquito bites. We can prevent it by sleeping under mosquito nets and using mosquito repellents.
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Q51. Which vitamin is found in fish liver oil?
Fish liver oil is a rich source of Vitamin D. It helps our body absorb calcium for strong bones.
Q52. We should drink _____ water to prevent water-borne diseases.
Clean and boiled water is free from germs. Drinking it prevents water-borne diseases like cholera and typhoid.
Q53. Iodine is a mineral needed for:
Iodine is needed for the thyroid gland to work properly. Lack of iodine causes goitre.
Q54. Common cold is caused by:
Common cold is caused by a virus. It spreads through the air when an infected person sneezes or coughs.
Q55. Which of the following is a non-communicable disease?
Diabetes is a non-communicable disease. It does not spread from one person to another.
Q56. Using a handkerchief while sneezing helps in:
Covering our mouth with a handkerchief stops germs from spreading in the air. This is good manners and prevents diseases.
Q57. Which food is a good source of Vitamin A?
Carrots are rich in Vitamin A which is good for our eyes. This vitamin helps us see clearly even in dim light.
Q58. A community compost pit helps in:
A compost pit turns kitchen and garden waste into useful manure. This manure helps plants grow better.
Q59. The process of adding a vaccine into our body is called:
Inoculation means giving a vaccine by injection or drops. It protects us from dangerous diseases.
Q60. To build resistance against diseases, we should:
A balanced diet gives us all the nutrients to fight diseases. It strengthens our immune system and keeps us healthy.