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Q1. A huge collection of billions of stars, dust and gases held together by gravity is called a:
A galaxy is a massive system that contains billions of stars, along with dust and gas. Our solar system is part of the Milky Way galaxy.

Q2. The galaxy in which our solar system is located is called the:
The Milky Way is a spiral-shaped galaxy that contains our Sun and all its planets. It looks like a milky white band of stars across the night sky.

Q3. A constellation is a:
A constellation is a group of stars that form a recognizable shape or pattern in the sky. Ancient people named them after animals, heroes and objects.

Q4. The constellation also known as the Great Bear is:
Ursa Major is one of the most famous constellations and looks like a big bear. It contains the Saptarishi or the seven bright stars.

Q5. The Ursa Major constellation is also known as:
Ursa Major is called Saptarishi in India because it has seven main stars. It is also called the Plough because its shape looks like an old farming tool.

Q6. The constellation also known as the Little Bear is:
Ursa Minor is a smaller bear-shaped constellation. It contains the North Star or Polaris at the end of its tail.

Q7. Ursa Minor is also known as:
Ursa Minor is called Laghu Saptarishi in India, meaning the smaller seven sages. It is a smaller version of the Great Bear.

Q8. The constellation that looks like a hunter is:
Orion is a prominent constellation that looks like a hunter holding a club and shield. It has three bright stars in a straight line that form his belt.

Q9. Orion is also known as:
In Indian astronomy, Orion is called Vyadh (the hunter) or Mriga. It is one of the most recognizable constellations in the winter sky.

Q10. The constellation that looks like a queen sitting on a throne is:
Cassiopeia is a constellation that looks like a ‘W’ or ‘M’ shape in the sky. In Greek mythology, it represents a vain queen sitting on her throne.

Q11. Cassiopeia is also known as:
Cassiopeia is called Sarmishtha in Indian astronomy. It is a bright constellation that is visible throughout the year.

Q12. The constellation that looks like a scorpion is:
Scorpius is a constellation that looks like a scorpion with a curved tail. It has a bright red star called Antares that marks the scorpion’s heart.

Q13. Scorpius is also known as:
Scorpius is called Vrishchika in Indian astronomy. It is one of the twelve zodiac constellations.

Q14. The Pleiades is a cluster of stars also known as:
The Pleiades is a beautiful star cluster that is called Kruttika in India. It is visible as a small group of six or seven bright stars.

Q15. The constellation that contains the star Sirius, the brightest star in the night sky, is:
Canis Major means ‘Greater Dog’ in Latin. It contains Sirius, which is the brightest star visible from Earth.

Q16. The North Star, which always points to the north, is found in which constellation?
The North Star, also called Polaris, is located at the end of the tail of Ursa Minor. It always stays in the same position in the northern sky.

Q17. An Astronomical Unit (AU) is the distance between:
One Astronomical Unit (AU) is the average distance from the Earth to the Sun. It is about 150 million kilometres and is used to measure distances in the solar system.

Q18. The Sun is a:
The Sun is a medium-sized star that is the centre of our solar system. It provides light and heat to all the planets that orbit around it.

Q19. The Sun produces energy through a process called:
Nuclear fusion is the process where hydrogen atoms combine to form helium, releasing huge amounts of energy. This energy makes the Sun shine.

Q20. A celestial body that revolves around the Sun is called a:
A planet is a large round body that orbits the Sun in a fixed path. Planets do not have their own light and shine by reflecting sunlight.

Q21. The path on which a planet revolves around the Sun is called its:
An orbit is the curved path of a planet around the Sun. Each planet has its own orbit at a different distance from the Sun.

Q22. A celestial body that revolves around a planet is called a:
A satellite is an object that orbits a planet. The Moon is a natural satellite of Earth, and there are also man-made artificial satellites.

Q23. The largest planet in our solar system is:
Jupiter is the largest planet with a diameter about 11 times that of Earth. It is so big that all other planets could fit inside it.

Q24. The smallest planet in our solar system is:
Mercury is the smallest planet in our solar system. It is even smaller than some moons in the solar system.

Q25. The planet closest to the Sun is:
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun, about 58 million kilometres away. It takes only 88 days to complete one revolution around the Sun.

Q26. The planet farthest from the Sun is:
Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun, at about 4.5 billion kilometres away. It takes about 165 years to complete one orbit.

Q27. The planets in the correct order from the Sun are:
Planets are arranged in order of their distance from the Sun. A helpful mnemonic is: My Very Educated Mother Just Served Us Noodles.

Q28. The planet known as the “Red Planet” is:
Mars is called the Red Planet because of its reddish appearance. This colour comes from iron oxide or rust on its surface.

Q29. The planet known as the “Morning Star” or “Evening Star” is:
Venus is the brightest planet in our sky and is often seen just after sunset or before sunrise. That’s why it is called the Morning or Evening Star.

Q30. The planet with the most prominent rings around it is:
Saturn is famous for its beautiful and bright rings made of ice and rock particles. It is often called the Ringed Planet.

Q31. The natural satellite of Earth is the:
The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth. It revolves around the Earth and is the closest celestial body to us.

Q32. A natural satellite is a celestial body that:
A natural satellite is a body that orbits a planet without human intervention. The Moon is a natural satellite, while artificial satellites are made by humans.

Q33. Artificial satellites are:
Artificial satellites are machines built by humans and launched into space. They are used for communication, weather forecasting and navigation.

Q34. Small rocky bodies that orbit the Sun, mainly found between Mars and Jupiter, are called:
Asteroids are small rocky bodies that revolve around the Sun. Most of them are found in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.

Q35. The asteroid belt is located between the orbits of:
The asteroid belt is a region between Mars and Jupiter containing millions of asteroids. These are leftover materials from the formation of the solar system.

Q36. A comet is a celestial body made of:
A comet is a ball of ice, dust and gas that orbits the Sun. When it comes close to the Sun, the heat causes it to form a glowing tail.

Q37. When a comet comes close to the Sun, it develops a:
When a comet approaches the Sun, its ice turns to gas and forms a bright glowing tail. This tail always points away from the Sun.

Q38. The Universe contains:
The Universe is everything that exists, including all galaxies, stars, planets, dust, gases and energy. It is unimaginably vast and constantly expanding.

Q39. Stars appear to twinkle because:
Stars twinkle because their light passes through the moving layers of Earth’s atmosphere. This causes the light to bend and appear to flicker.

Q40. Planets do not twinkle because:
Planets are much closer to Earth than stars. The light from planets does not bend as much through the atmosphere, so they appear steady.

Q41. The number of planets in our solar system is:
Our solar system has eight planets. Pluto was reclassified as a dwarf planet in 2006.

Q42. The largest satellite (moon) in the solar system is:
Ganymede is the largest moon in the solar system and orbits Jupiter. It is even larger than the planet Mercury.

Q43. A planet that is not a gas giant but has a thick carbon dioxide atmosphere is:
Venus has a very thick atmosphere made mostly of carbon dioxide. This causes a strong greenhouse effect, making Venus the hottest planet.

Q44. The gas that makes up most of Jupiter and Saturn is:
Jupiter and Saturn are gas giants made mostly of hydrogen and helium. They do not have solid surfaces like Earth.

Q45. The Milky Way galaxy is shaped like a:
The Milky Way is a spiral galaxy with arms of stars, dust and gas spinning around the centre. Our solar system is located in one of these arms.

Q46. The year is the time taken by the Earth to:
Earth takes about 365 days to complete one revolution around the Sun. This is known as a year.

Q47. The distance between Earth and the Sun is about:
The average distance from Earth to the Sun is 150 million kilometres. This distance is called one Astronomical Unit (AU).

Q48. Our solar system is a part of the:
The solar system, along with billions of other stars, is part of the Milky Way galaxy. It is located about 26,000 light-years from the galactic centre.

Q49. A light-year is the distance:
A light-year is a unit of distance used in space. Light travels at 300,000 kilometres per second, so one light-year is about 9.5 trillion kilometres.

Q50. An astonishing fact about the Universe is that:
Scientists have discovered that the Universe is constantly expanding. Galaxies are moving away from each other, meaning the Universe is getting bigger.

Q51. The pole star (Polaris) is located in which constellation?
Polaris, the North Star, is located at the end of the tail of Ursa Minor. It always stays in the same position in the northern sky, making it useful for navigation.

Q52. The Great Bear constellation has how many main stars visible to the naked eye?
Ursa Major or the Great Bear has seven main stars that form a shape like a plough or a bear. These are the famous Saptarishi stars.

Q53. The Hunter constellation (Orion) has three bright stars that form his:
Orion is easily recognized by three bright stars in a straight line. These stars form the belt of the hunter.

Q54. The rings of Saturn are made of:
Saturn’s rings are made up of billions of small particles of rock and ice. They orbit around Saturn like a giant disc.

Q55. The planet that rotates on its side compared to other planets is:
Uranus is tilted on its side and rotates almost horizontally. This makes it unique compared to other planets in the solar system.

Q56. The word “planet” comes from a Greek word meaning:
The ancient Greeks called planets “wanderers” because they moved across the sky differently from the fixed stars. They noticed these objects moving over time.

Q57. The closest star to Earth after the Sun is:
Proxima Centauri is the closest star to our solar system, about 4.2 light-years away. It is part of the Alpha Centauri star system.

Q58. A group of stars that appears to form a pattern in the sky is called a:
Constellations are patterns of stars that form imaginary shapes in the sky. They help astronomers locate stars and navigate the night sky.

Q59. The four inner planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars) are called:
The inner planets are called terrestrial planets because they are rocky like Earth. They have solid surfaces and are smaller than the outer planets.

Q60. The four outer planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune) are called:
The outer planets are called gas giants because they are mostly made of gases like hydrogen and helium. They are much larger than the terrestrial planets.

Q61. The celestial body that is made of ice and dust and develops a tail near the Sun is a:
A comet is made of ice, dust and frozen gases. When it comes close to the Sun, the ice turns to gas and forms a beautiful glowing tail.

Q62. The year on Mars is about how many Earth days?
Mars takes about 687 Earth days to complete one revolution around the Sun. This makes a year on Mars almost twice as long as a year on Earth.

Q63. The first man-made satellite launched into space was:
Sputnik 1 was the first artificial satellite launched by the Soviet Union in 1957. It started the space age and opened the way for space exploration.

Q64. The number of moons (natural satellites) of Earth is:
Earth has only one natural satellite, which is the Moon. It is the fifth largest moon in the solar system.

Q65. The planet that has the most moons (natural satellites) is:
Jupiter has 95 known moons, the most in our solar system. Its largest moons are the four Galilean moons: Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto.

Q66. The known universe is made up of billions of:
The universe is unimaginably vast and contains billions of galaxies, each with billions of stars and planets. It is truly enormous.

Q67. The temperature at the centre of the Sun is about:
The core of the Sun is extremely hot, reaching temperatures of about 15 million degrees Celsius. This heat powers the nuclear fusion that makes the Sun shine.

Q68. The fastest planet to revolve around the Sun is:
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and travels fastest in its orbit. It takes only 88 Earth days to complete one revolution.

Q69. The slowest planet to revolve around the Sun is:
Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun, so it takes the longest time to complete one orbit. It takes about 165 Earth years.

Q70. The Moon’s gravity is about one-sixth of Earth’s gravity because the Moon:
The Moon’s gravity is weaker than Earth’s because it is smaller and has less mass. This is why things weigh much less on the Moon.