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Q1. Which salt will have pH less than 7?
Salts formed from a strong acid and a weak base are acidic (pH < 7). Aluminium chloride (AlCl₃) is formed from strong acid (HCl) and weak base [Al(OH)₃], so its solution is acidic. Sodium carbonate and sodium acetate are basic (pH > 7) as they are from weak acid and strong base. Sodium chloride is neutral (pH = 7) as it is from strong acid and strong base. So aluminium chloride is correct.
Q2. Sodium hydroxide is formed near the:
In the chlor-alkali process (electrolysis of brine), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is formed near the cathode. At the cathode, water molecules are reduced to produce hydrogen gas and hydroxide ions (OH⁻). These hydroxide ions combine with Na⁺ ions to form NaOH. Chlorine gas is released at the anode. So cathode is correct.
Q3. Bleaching powder is produced by the action of chlorine on:
Bleaching powder [Ca(OCl)₂ or CaOCl₂] is produced by passing chlorine gas over dry slaked lime [Ca(OH)₂]. The reaction is: Ca(OH)₂ + Cl₂ → CaOCl₂ + H₂O. Washing soda is sodium carbonate, quick lime is calcium oxide, limestone is calcium carbonate. So slaked lime is correct.
Q4. In the chlor-alkali process, chlorine gas is released at the:
In the electrolysis of brine (chlor-alkali process), chlorine gas (Cl₂) is released at the anode (positive electrode). At the anode, chloride ions (Cl⁻) lose electrons to form chlorine gas: 2Cl⁻ → Cl₂ + 2e⁻. Hydrogen gas is released at the cathode, and sodium hydroxide is formed near the cathode. So anode is correct.
Q5. NaCl and KCl belong to the family of:
NaCl (sodium chloride) and KCl (potassium chloride) both contain the chloride ion (Cl⁻) as the negative radical. Salts having the same negative radical belong to the same family. They are chloride salts. Sodium salts would have Na⁺, potassium salts would have K⁺, sulphate salts would have SO₄²⁻. So chloride salts is correct.
Q6. The positive radical in sodium sulphate is:
Sodium sulphate has the formula Na₂SO₄. The positive radical (cation) is Na⁺ (sodium ion). The negative radical (anion) is SO₄²⁻ (sulphate ion). Cl⁻ is chloride, CO₃²⁻ is carbonate. So Na⁺ is correct.
Q7. Sodium chloride obtained from sea water is:
Sodium chloride (NaCl) is formed from a strong acid (HCl) and a strong base (NaOH). Such salts are neutral in nature — their aqueous solution has pH = 7. It is not acidic, corrosive, or basic. So neutral salt is correct.
Q8. Baking soda is used in cooking because it:
Baking soda (sodium hydrogen carbonate, NaHCO₃) is a mild base. In cooking, it reacts with acidic ingredients to release carbon dioxide, which makes food soft and fluffy. It is not neutral, acidic, or a strong base (which would be corrosive). So is a mild base is correct.
Q9. Sodium chloride is neutral because:
Sodium chloride (NaCl) is a neutral salt because it is formed from a strong acid (HCl) and a strong base (NaOH). When dissolved in water, it does not hydrolyse to produce H⁺ or OH⁻ ions in excess. It is soluble, contains ions, and is not basic. So it is formed from strong acid and strong base is correct.
Q10. Chlorine gas is useful for:
Chlorine gas has multiple uses: it is used to make bleaching powder (CaOCl₂), for bleaching wood pulp, cotton, and linen, and for disinfecting drinking water (as a water purifier). So all of these is correct.
Q11. Salts of a strong base and a weak acid are:
Salts formed from a strong base and a weak acid are basic in nature. For example, sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) is formed from strong base (NaOH) and weak acid (H₂CO₃). Its aqueous solution has pH > 7. Acidic salts come from strong acid + weak base, neutral from strong acid + strong base. So basic is correct.
Q12. The negative radical in potassium sulphate is:
Potassium sulphate has the formula K₂SO₄. The negative radical (anion) is SO₄²⁻ (sulphate ion). K⁺ is the positive radical, NO₃⁻ is nitrate, Cl⁻ is chloride. So SO₄²⁻ is correct.
Q13. Copper sulphate belongs to the family of:
Copper sulphate (CuSO₄) contains the sulphate ion (SO₄²⁻) as the negative radical. Therefore, it belongs to the family of sulphate salts. It is not a nitrate, chloride, or carbonate salt. So sulphate salts is correct.
Q14. NaCl and Na₂SO₄ belong to the family of:
NaCl (sodium chloride) and Na₂SO₄ (sodium sulphate) both contain the sodium ion (Na⁺) as the positive radical. Salts having the same positive radical belong to the same family. They are sodium salts. Chloride salts would have Cl⁻, sulphate salts would have SO₄²⁻, potassium salts would have K⁺. So sodium salts is correct.
Q15. Sodium hydrogen carbonate can neutralise acids because it is:
Sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO₃, baking soda) is a basic salt. It can neutralise acids because it reacts with them to form salt, water, and carbon dioxide. It is not acidic (it is basic), not corrosive (it is mild), and not neutral. So basic is correct.
Q16. Sodium hydroxide is classified as:
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a base. It is a strong base that dissociates completely in water to give Na⁺ and OH⁻ ions. It is not a salt (salts are formed from acid-base neutralisation), not an oxide (like Na₂O), and not an acid. So base is correct.
Q17. Common salt is a raw material for:
Common salt (NaCl) is a raw material for the production of: sodium hydroxide (NaOH) via the chlor-alkali process, baking soda (NaHCO₃) via the Solvay process, and washing soda (Na₂CO₃·10H₂O) from baking soda. So all of these is correct.
Q18. Bleaching powder acts as:
Bleaching powder (CaOCl₂) acts as an oxidising agent. It releases chlorine which oxidises coloured substances, thereby bleaching them. It is not a reducing agent (it causes oxidation), not a weak acid, and not a neutral salt. So oxidising agent is correct.
Q19. Large brown crystals of sodium chloride found in nature are called:
Large brown crystals of sodium chloride found in nature are called rock salt. It is mined from underground deposits formed by the drying up of ancient seas. Sea salt is obtained from seawater, table salt is purified NaCl. So rock salt is correct.
Q20. Bleaching powder is used for:
Bleaching powder has multiple uses: it is used for bleaching wood pulp in the paper industry, bleaching cotton and linen in the textile industry, and disinfecting drinking water (as a disinfectant). So all of these is correct.
Q21. Common salt was an important symbol during:
The Dandi March (Salt Satyagraha) led by Mahatma Gandhi in 1930 was a protest against the British salt tax. Common salt became a powerful symbol of resistance and unity during this movement. So Dandi March is correct.
Q22. Baking soda is produced using:
Baking soda (sodium hydrogen carbonate, NaHCO₃) is produced using sodium chloride (NaCl) as the raw material in the Solvay process. Sodium chloride reacts with ammonia, water, and carbon dioxide to produce baking soda. So sodium chloride as raw material is correct.
Q23. Which of the following is a sulphate salt?
Potassium sulphate (K₂SO₄) contains the sulphate ion (SO₄²⁻), so it is a sulphate salt. Sodium chloride is a chloride salt, ammonium chloride is a chloride salt, sodium nitrate is a nitrate salt. So potassium sulphate is correct.
Q24. Baking soda is non-corrosive because:
Baking soda (NaHCO₃) is a mild base, which means it is not corrosive and is safe for use in food and household applications. It is not acidic, not neutral (it is basic), and it is soluble in water. So it is a mild base is correct.
Q25. Sodium acetate solution is:
Sodium acetate (CH₃COONa) is a salt formed from a strong base (NaOH) and a weak acid (CH₃COOH). Such salts are basic in nature and have pH > 7. So basic is correct.
Q26. The study of preparation, properties and uses of salts is part of:
The study of the preparation, properties, and uses of salts is part of inorganic chemistry. Inorganic chemistry deals with compounds that do not contain carbon-hydrogen bonds (including salts, acids, bases, and minerals). Physical chemistry deals with physical principles, organic chemistry deals with carbon compounds, metallurgy deals with metals. So inorganic chemistry is correct.
Q27. The aqueous solution of sodium chloride used is called:
An aqueous solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) is called brine. It is used in the chlor-alkali process for the electrolysis of sodium chloride. Distilled water is pure water, hard water contains dissolved minerals, lime water is calcium hydroxide solution. So brine is correct.
Q28. Salts of a strong acid and a strong base are:
Salts formed from a strong acid and a strong base are neutral in nature. For example, NaCl (from HCl and NaOH) has pH = 7. They do not hydrolyse to produce excess H⁺ or OH⁻ ions. So neutral is correct.
Q29. In the chlor-alkali process, hydrogen gas is released at the:
In the chlor-alkali process, hydrogen gas (H₂) is released at the cathode (negative electrode). At the cathode, water molecules are reduced: 2H₂O + 2e⁻ → H₂ + 2OH⁻. Chlorine is released at the anode. So cathode is correct.
Q30. Chemical formula of bleaching powder is:
Bleaching powder has the chemical formula CaOCl₂ (calcium oxychloride) or Ca(OCl)₂. It is produced by the action of chlorine on dry slaked lime. CaCO₃ is calcium carbonate, CaCl₂ is calcium chloride, Ca(OH)₂ is calcium hydroxide. So CaOCl₂ is correct.
Q31. Baking soda is chemically known as:
Baking soda is chemically sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO₃). Sodium sulphate is Na₂SO₄, sodium carbonate is Na₂CO₃ (washing soda), sodium chloride is NaCl (common salt). So sodium hydrogen carbonate is correct.
Q32. One of the products of the chlor-alkali process is:
The chlor-alkali process (electrolysis of brine) produces three products: sodium hydroxide (NaOH), chlorine gas (Cl₂), and hydrogen gas (H₂). Sodium sulphate, sodium nitrate, and sodium carbonate are not products of this process. So sodium hydroxide is correct.
Q33. Sodium chloride is formed from:
Sodium chloride (NaCl) is formed from hydrochloric acid (HCl, a strong acid) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH, a strong base). The neutralisation reaction is: HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O. So strong acid and strong base is correct.
Q34. Washing soda is prepared from:
Washing soda (Na₂CO₃·10H₂O) is prepared by heating baking soda (NaHCO₃). On heating, baking soda decomposes to give sodium carbonate, which is then recrystallised to form washing soda. Sodium chloride is used to make baking soda, sodium hydroxide is a product of chlor-alkali, sodium nitrate is a different salt. So baking soda is correct.
Q35. Salts having the same positive or negative radicals belong to:
Salts having the same positive or negative radicals belong to the same family. For example, NaCl and KCl belong to the chloride salt family (same negative radical Cl⁻). They are not the same mixture, group (in periodic table sense), or same compound. So same family is correct.
Q36. Chemical formula of baking soda is:
Baking soda is sodium hydrogen carbonate, with the chemical formula NaHCO₃. NaOH is sodium hydroxide, NaCl is sodium chloride, Na₂CO₃ is sodium carbonate (washing soda). So NaHCO₃ is correct.
Q37. Copper sulphate solution is:
Copper sulphate (CuSO₄) is a salt formed from a strong acid (H₂SO₄) and a weak base [Cu(OH)₂]. Such salts are acidic in nature. Its aqueous solution has pH less than 7. So acidic is correct.
Q38. Common salt is chemically known as:
Common salt is sodium chloride (NaCl). Sodium hydroxide is caustic soda, sodium carbonate is washing soda, sodium sulphate is Glauber’s salt. So sodium chloride is correct.
Q39. Brine is a solution of:
Brine is a concentrated aqueous solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) in water. It is used in the chlor-alkali process. Sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, and calcium chloride are different substances. So sodium chloride in water is correct.
Q40. Which salt will have pH greater than 7?
Sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) is a salt of a weak acid (H₂CO₃) and a strong base (NaOH). Such salts are basic in nature and have pH > 7. Potassium nitrate and sodium chloride are neutral (pH = 7), ammonium chloride is acidic (pH < 7). So sodium carbonate is correct.
Q41. Rock salt deposits were formed due to:
Rock salt deposits were formed millions of years ago due to the drying up of ancient seas. As seawater evaporated, salt (NaCl) was left behind and buried under layers of sediment. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and river erosion are not the primary causes. So drying of ancient seas is correct.
Q42. Electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride is called:
The electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride (brine) is called the chlor-alkali process. It produces chlorine (Cl₂), alkali (NaOH), and hydrogen (H₂). The Haber process is for ammonia, the Contact process is for sulphuric acid, the Solvay process is for sodium carbonate. So chlor-alkali process is correct.
Q43. Potassium nitrate solution is:
Potassium nitrate (KNO₃) is a salt formed from a strong acid (HNO₃) and a strong base (KOH). Such salts are neutral in nature with pH = 7. So neutral is correct.
Q44. Sodium carbonate solution is:
Sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) is a salt of a weak acid (H₂CO₃) and a strong base (NaOH). Its aqueous solution is basic in nature with pH > 7. It is not neutral (pH = 7), not acidic (pH < 7), though it can be slightly corrosive in concentrated form, the characteristic nature is basic. So basic is correct.
Q45. Rock salt is mined like:
Rock salt is mined like coal — from underground mines using similar methods. Iron ore and gold are also mined, but the comparison is typically with coal as both are solid minerals extracted from underground deposits. Limestone is also mined but is not the typical comparison in this context. So coal is correct.
Q46. Salts of a strong acid and a weak base are:
Salts formed from a strong acid and a weak base are acidic in nature. For example, ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl) is formed from strong acid (HCl) and weak base (NH₄OH). Its aqueous solution has pH < 7. So acidic is correct.
Q47. Baking soda is used in kitchen mainly for:
Baking soda (NaHCO₃) is used in the kitchen mainly to make food soft and fluffy. It releases carbon dioxide when heated or mixed with acidic ingredients, which creates bubbles and makes baked goods rise. It is not used for colouring, preserving (though it can be used as a leavening agent), or cleaning (though it can be used for cleaning, but that’s not its main kitchen use). So making food soft and fluffy is correct.
Q48. Aluminium chloride solution is:
Aluminium chloride (AlCl₃) is a salt formed from a strong acid (HCl) and a weak base [Al(OH)₃]. Such salts are acidic in nature. Its aqueous solution has pH < 7. So acidic is correct.
Q49. The pH of neutral salts is:
Neutral salts (like NaCl, KNO₃, K₂SO₄) formed from strong acid and strong base have pH = 7 in aqueous solution. pH 8 is basic, pH 5 and 6 are acidic. So 7 is correct.
Q50. Which salt belongs to sodium family?
Sodium nitrate (NaNO₃) contains the sodium ion (Na⁺) as the positive radical. Salts with the same positive radical belong to the same family. Therefore, sodium nitrate belongs to the sodium family. Ammonium chloride has NH₄⁺, potassium sulphate has K⁺, copper sulphate has Cu²⁺. So sodium nitrate is correct.